Khairil Pahmi1
and H. M.
Natsir Abdullah2
1Lecturer at
Department of Pharmacy, Diploma of Pharmacy, Health Science Faculty, University
of Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara
2Lecturer at Teaching
and Educational Science Faculty, Mataram University
Introduction
The
aim of this article is to study the Al Qur’an verse and to correlate the modern
science with the verses that we find in the Al Qur’an to think about the great
sign of Allah SWT in this world. The great sign of God in this world is He
creates many things. For example all of creatures are from inorganic compound
and many the weakest creatures have extraordinary ability to survive in their
life, such as viruses. Allah SWT reveals in the Al-Qur’an “There are many signs
in the heavens and the earth which they pass by; yet they pay no attention to
them! [12 Yusuf – Joseph: 105] ”.
One
of the great sign of Allah SWT in this world is He draws the living from the
dead and He draws the dead from the living. Allah SWT reveals in the Al-Qur’an“Say:
"O Allah! Master of all the Kingship, You give the kingdom to whom You
please and take away the kingdom from whomsoever You please; You give honor to
whom You please and disgrace whom You please; all the good is in Your hand;
surely You have power over everything [26]. You cause the night to pass into
the day and You cause the day to pass into the night; You draw the living from the dead and You draw the dead from the
living; and You provide sustenance for anyone You wish without measure."[27]”
[Ali ‘Imran – The House Of Imran:26-27]. In this article we would like to
analyze the virus’s features in the Al Qur’an according to that Al Qur’an verse
because viruses have unique features. Those are they can be called lived
creatures and dead creature at the same time. If one virus is in the cell, that
virus can be called living thing because it can reproduce itself in the cell.
Furthermore, if other virus is out the cell, that virus can be called particle
because it can be crystallized. So that viruses have special classification in
the modern creature classification system.
Virus
Features Based on Science
Viruses are the unique creatures of Allah SWT. We are as a muslim that believe Allah SWT of course that is something easy for Allah SWT. But for the disbeliever scientist that dominates the rationality, they surely think viruses are the complicated and complex creature from Allah SWT.
Until this time the
Biological Scientists are still confused by the features of the virus because
the uniqueness of the viruses. Viruses can be called living things because
viruses can only reproduce their self in the
host cells, so that they are
called obligated parasite and have nucleic acid such as DNA or RNA. Meanwhile
viruses are called inanimate objects because they can be crystallized if
viruses exit from the host cells so they are also called a particle. Viruses
are not the cells because they have no cytoplasm and cell organelles so they
cannot do self metabolism process. Metabolism is the chemical reaction process
in the living things. Metabolism process aims to produce food reserve and
energy.
Although virus is not a cell, but
virus is able to cause the disease which is very dangerous for living things by
dominating the host cell system. The host cells for the viruses are bacteria,
plants, animals, and humans. The diseases caused by the viruses are AIDS,
cancer, influenza, smallpox, rabies, measles, dengue fever, and the like.
The Holy Qur’an Verses Related to
Viruses
The
verses that correlate to the viruses features are Al-Baqarah : 26, Ali ‘Imran : 27, and Ar-Rum : 19.
Al-Baqarah – The Cow : 26
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَن يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا مَّا بَعُوضَةً
فَمَا فَوْقَهَا ۚ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِن
رَّبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَيَقُولُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ
بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا ۘ يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيرًا وَيَهْدِي بِهِ كَثِيرًا ۚ وَمَا يُضِلُّ
بِهِ إِلَّا الْفَاسِقِينَ
Meaning
: “Allah disdains not to use The similitude of things,
Lowest as well as highest . Those
who believe know That it is truth from
their Lord; but those who reject faith say: What means Allah by this
similitude?” [Al-Baqarah : 26].
The explanation of
above verse is The word for “the lowest” in the original Arabic means a gnat,
byword in the Arabic language for the weakest of creatures. In 29: 41, which
was revealed before this surah, the similitude of the Spider was used, and
similarly in 22: 73, there is similitude of the fly. For similitudes taken from magnificent forces of nature,
expressed in exalted language. To Allah
all His creation has some special
meaning appropriate to itself, and some
of what we consider the lowest creature have wonderful aptitudes, e.g., the
spider or the fly.
In the Qur’an (2. AL-BAQARAH
– THE COW: 26), Allah SWT mentions word “ba’udhah”
in Bahasa Indonesia means “seekor nyamuk ” and in English means “the lowest of creature”. That word is
correlated to the weakest creature which has the extraordinary intelligence.
Because of that explanation, here we relate the word “ba’udhah” with the virus features. Virus has very small size from
27-300 nm (1 nm=10-9 m
=0.000000001 m) and their life depends on the host. Although like that,
virus has extraordinary inteliigence. Every virus knows the specific host cell
for their life ((‘Ali, 1989).
Syaf dan
Abubakar (1990) explains indeed Allah
SWT is not disinclined to make or take similarity such as small insects or
bigger than them, means Allah wants to ignore those all, because contain law
that He must explain.
Ali ‘Imran : 27
تُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَتُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ
ۖ وَتُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَتُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ ۖ
وَتَرْزُقُ مَن تَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
You
cause the day to enter into the night and the night to enter into the day. You
cause the living to come out of the dead and the dead to come out of the
living. You give sustenance to whomever You want without keeping an account (Ali ‘Imran : 2).
Ar-Rum : 19
يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ
وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَيُحْيِي الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ۚ
وَكَذَٰلِكَ تُخْرَجُونَ -
Meaning :
He
brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living and
brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. And thus will you be brought
out (Ar-Rum : 19).
In
verses Ali ‘Imran 19 and Ar-Rum 19 Allah SWT explains about “the change of
living things from the dead, and the change of the dead from the living
things”. In this case, author correlates those verses with the virus features.
Viruses can be called the living things because they have nucleic acid and are
covered by the protein capsid so they can reproduce in the host cells. But
viruses can be called the dead because they can be crystallized so scientist
classified them as the particle.
References
‘Ali, A.Y. 1989. The Holy Qur’an: Text, Translation and Commentary. Maryland: Amana
Corporation.
Syaf, M. dan B. Abubakar. 1990. Terjemah Tafsir Jalalain Berikut Asbaabun
Nuzul.Diterjemahkan dari I.J. Al-Mahally dan I.J. As-Suyuthi.1990.Tafsir Jalalain. Bandung: Penerbit Sinar
Baru Bandung.
Syamil Al-Qur’an. 2005. Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta:
PT. Syaamil Cipta Media.
Yasin, A., dkk. 2001. Tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur’an: Di Bawah Naungan
Al-Qur’an (Permulaan Surah Ali Imran: 1-168) Jilid 3. S. Quthb. 1992. Fi Zhilalil Qur’an. Jakarta: Gema
Insani.
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